In cardiovascular terms, what does the term "anemia" refer to?

The term "anemia" specifically refers to a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood. When a person has anemia, their blood does not carry enough oxygen to the body's tissues, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and pallor. This condition may arise from various causes, including nutritional deficiencies (such as iron or vitamin B12), chronic diseases, or bone marrow disorders.

The other options refer to different medical conditions: an increase in white blood cells typically indicates an infection or an inflammatory response, while an enlarged heart is related to cardiomyopathy or other heart conditions. A blockage in the arteries would be associated with ischemic heart disease or other vascular diseases, but does not pertain directly to anemia. Understanding the correct definition of anemia is crucial for recognizing how it impacts cardiovascular health and overall well-being.