What is atherosclerosis?

Atherosclerosis is primarily defined as a buildup of fatty deposits and plaque within the arteries. This process involves the accumulation of cholesterol, cellular waste products, and other substances on the arterial walls, leading to the hardening and narrowing of the arteries over time. As a result, blood flow can become restricted, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes. The development of atherosclerosis is often associated with risk factors including high cholesterol levels, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and diabetes.

By understanding atherosclerosis as a condition linked to arterial blockage and reduced blood flow, you can appreciate its significance in cardiovascular health. The other options refer to different cardiac conditions; a rapid heart rate is indicative of tachycardia, heart valve disease involves issues with the heart valves, and a rare heart rhythm disorder can pertain to various arrhythmias, none of which accurately define the process of atherosclerosis.